Changes

== 1500'''Pensacola, Florida''' has had a rich and colorful history dating nearly 450 years, being the first European settlement in the continental United States (1559) and controlled by five countries. Pensacola's ==location has caused great turmoil, with many buildings destroyed by wars, and by numerous major [[hurricane]]s. The location, south of the original British colonies, and as the dividing line between French Louisiana and Spanish Florida, along the [[Perdido River]], has caused the possession of the city to change multiple times. Pensacola has been under the possession of the '''Spanish''', '''French''', '''British''', '''United States''' and '''Confederate States''', and has remained a part of the United States since the end of the [[American Civil War]].

== 1500s ==*[[1513]] – [[Ponce de Leon]] 'discovers'Florida.*[[1516]] – Miruelos enters what may be [[Pensacola Bay]].*[[1525]] – Panfilo de Narveaz explores Florida.*[[1539]] – [[Hernando de Soto]] explores Florida.*[[June 11]], [[1559]] – Members of Luna'1515s expedition embark at Vera Cruz, Mexico, for their journey to establish Pensacola.*[[August 14]], 1559 – Luna's expedition enters Pensacola Bay.*[[September 19]], 1559 – A [[Hurricane of 1559|hurricane]] strikes Pensacola Bay, virtually destroying Luna's fleet.*[[March 16]], [[1561]] – [[Villafane]] arrives at Pensacola for relief for Luna' -- s expedition after the [[hurricane of 1559]].*[[April 9]], 1561 – Villafane becomes governor of Florida.*[Ponce de Leon[1565]] – St. Augustine, on Florida'discovered' Floridas east coast, is founded by the Spanish, becoming the first permanent European settlement.

== 1600s ==*[[April 6]], [[1682]] – La Salle claims Louisiana for France.*[[1684]] – Sieur de la Salle descends the Mississippi River and makes a failed attempt to establish a colony near the mouth of the Mississippi.*[[February 2]], [[1686]] – An expedition under the command of [[Juan Enriques Barroto]] (Juan Jordan Reina) enters Pensacola Bay.*[[June 26]], [[1692]] – [[Conde de Galve]], viceroy of Mexico, is given instructions by the Spanish king to explore the Gulf Coast.*[[April 7]], [[1693]] – Admiral [[Andres de Pez]]'''1516''' -- Miruelos MAY have entered s expedition enters Pensacola Bay .*[[June 13]], [[1694]] – The King of Spain (Charles II?) gives the go ahead to settle Pensacola.*[[November 6]], [[1698]] – An expedition under [[Juan Jordan de Reina]] sails from Havana, Cuba, to settle Pensacola.*[[November 17]], 1698 – An expedition under the command of Juan Jordan Reina arrivs at Pensacola.*[[November 21]], 1698 – An expedition under the command of [[Andres de Arriola]], arrived in Pensacola from Vera Cruz, Mexico.

== 1700s ==*[[1702]] – French, under d'Iberville, found [[Mobile]], [[Biloxi]], and [[Dauphin Island]].*[[1702]] – Spanish settlers at Pensacola suffer a severe epidemic, probably [[yellow fever]].*[[1704]] – Pensacola receives its first women settlers.*[[1707]] – [[Creek Indians]], under the urging of the British, attack and burn Spanish Pensacola.*[[1707]] – [[Creek Indians]] lay siege to [[Fort San Carlos]] at Pensacola, but withdraw.*[[1719]] – Spanish recapture Pensacola.*[[May 13]], 1719 – French from Mobile sail to Pensacola in an attempt to capture the town.*[[May 16]], 1719 – The French fleet, under [[Jean Baptiste Le Moyne]] and his brother Sieur de Bienville, enter Pensacola Bay, fire on [[Fort San Carlos]], and capture Pensacola.*[[September 18]], 1719 – French recapture Pensacola.*[[1720]] – France and Spain make peace.*[[1722]] – France burns Pensacola in a scorched earth policy. Spanish secure return of Pensacola from France and reoccupy, [[November 25]]. Spaniards build on [[Santa Rosa Island]] — the "Second Pensacola." *[[1723]] – Spanish build a village on [[Santa Rosa Island]].*[[1723]] – French leave Pensacola.*[[1743]] – The first timber export leaves Pensacola by the [[Havana Company]].*[[1753]]-[[1763]] – Spanish garrison at Pensacola.*[[1754]] – [[Hurricane of 1754|Hurricane]] destroys the village of Pensacola on Santa Rosa Island. Survivors move to the mainland.*[[December 23]], [[1757]] – King Ferdinand VI issues royal orders naming settlement near [[San Miguel mission]] (near today's [[Seville Square]]) '1525[[Presidio San Miguel de Panzacola]],'or Panzacola — the "Third Pensacola." *[[1760]] – A [[Hurricane of 1760|hurricane]] strikes Pensacola.*[[1763]] – Spanish leave Pensacola as a result of the [[Treaty of Ghent]], which gave Florida to the British.*[[February 10]], 1763 – The Spanish and British sign the [[Treaty of Paris]], resulting in Spain ceding Florida to the British.*[[July 10]], 1763 – Colonel [[Augustine Prevost]] sails from Havana, Cuba with four ships and 350 men on their way to accept the transfer of Florida from Spain to Great Britain.*[[August 5]], 1763 – Lieutenant Colonel [[Augustine Prevost]] arrived in Pensacola with 350 men to accept the transfer of Florida from Spain to Great Britian.*[[August 6]], 1763 – Lieutenant Colonel [[Augustin Prevost]] and troops take command of Pensacola for the British.*[[September 3]], 1763 – The Spanish leave Pensacola.*[[1764]] – First meeting of West Florida Council, November. Begins by declaring all titles purchased from departing Spaniards void. Surveyor [[Elias Durnford]] prepares a plan for the city. Divides town into building and garden lots with the dviding line being present day [[Garden Street]].*[[October 21]], 1764 – [[George Johnstone]] arrives in Pensacola as West Florida'' s first British governor.*[[November 24]], 1764 – The first British council is convened.*[[1767]] – George Johnstone is relieved as governor of West Florida and succeeded by [[Monfort Browne]]. *[[1769]] – [[John Eliot]] arrives in Pensacola as the new governor.*[[May 2]], 1769 – [[John Eliot]], governor of West Florida, hangs himself.*[[July 31]], 1769 – [[Elias Durnford]] is named acting Lieutenant Governor.*[[1770]] – [[Peter Chester]] arrives in Pensacola as the new British governor.*1770 – [[Bernardo de Galvez]] is appointed governor of Spanish Louisiana.*[[August 10]], 1770 – [[Peter Chester]] arrived in Pensacola as governor of West Florida.*[[1773]]-[[1774]] – Botanist [[William Bartram]] explores Florida across what is now known as the [[Bartram Trail]].*[[October 24]], [[1774]] – Continental Congress writes to the Assembly in Pensacola, but is suppressed by Governor Chester.*[[1775]]- Panfilo [[1783]] – [[Revolutionary War]], Florida remains loyal to England.*[[January 1]], [[1777]] – Don [[Bernardo de Galvez]] becomes the acting Governor of Louisiana.*[[June 21]], [[1779]] – Spain declares war on England, threatening peace in Florida.*[[1780]] – [[Elias Durnford]] surrenders Mobile to Galvez.*[[January 28]], 1780 – [[Bernardo de Galvez]] sails from New Orleans in an abortive attempt to capture Pensacola.*[[1781]] – The land now called [[St. Michaels Cemetery]] is designated a burying place. *[[February 28]], 1781 – [[Bernardo de Galvez]] sails again from New Orleans with an invasion force headed for Pensacola.*[[March 9]], [[1781]] – [[Bernardo de Galvez]] enters [[Pensacola Bay]] and lays siege to the British. *[[May 7]], 1781 – [[Bernardo de Narveaz explored Galvez]] begins his siege of the British [[Fort George]], located just north of Pensacola.*[[May 8]], 1781 – British [[General John Campbell]] surrenders Pensacola to Galvez after a shot from the Spanish cannon (mortar) destroys the British powder magazine.*[[May 9]], 1781 – British soldiers leave their fort at Pensacola, officially ending the British presence in Florida.*[[1783]] – Florida given to Spain by England in exchange for Bahamas and Gibraltar. Most British settlers leave.*[[1784]] – Spanish census of Pensacola. Population: 593 persons.*[[1785]] – [[Panton, Leslie & Company]] is established in Pensacola.*[[1792]] – [[Francisco Moreno]] is born in Pensacola.*[[August 10]], [[1794]] – [[Jackson Morton]] is born.*[[1795]] – Spain yields its claim to the northern part of West Florida. The United States and Spain sign the [[Pickney Treaty]] establishing the borders between the United States and Spanish Florida .*[[1798]] – [[William H. Chase]] is born in Massachusetts.

== 1800s ==*[[1801]] – [[William Panton]], co-owner of [[Panton, Leslie & Company]], dies at sea *[[1803]] – Louisiana Purchase. Capital of Spanish West Florida moves from New Orleans to Pensacola. *[[1804]] – [[Panton, Leslie & Company]] changes its name to [[John Forbes & Company]].*[[1805]] – Population: 1,398 persons.*[[1807]] – The [[Inneraity family]] assumes control of John Forbes & Company.*[[1808]] – [[Thomas William Brent]] is born in Washington, DC.*[[1808]] – Pensacolians rename their principal streets and plazas in honor of their deceased monarch, [[Ferdinand VII]], and the spirited Spanish resistance movement against Napoleon. *[[1810]] – Republic of West Florida proclaimed. Formal survey of [[St. Michael's Cemetery]].*[[1810]] – Population = 1,000 persons *[[1812]] – [[Stephen Russell Mallory]], future US Senator and Confederate Secretary of the Navy, was born in Trinidad *[[1812]] – [[War of 1812]], United States declares war on England, June 18. United States annexed portions of West Florida to Louisiana and to the Mississippi Territory. *[[1813]] – General [[James Wilkinson]] and troops capture Mobile.*[[August 30]], [[1813]] – [[Fort Mims Massacre]].*[[March 27]], [[1814]] – [[Andrew Jackson]] and his Tennessee Volunteers defeat the [[Creek Indians]] at the Battle of Horseshoe Bend.*[[November 14]], 1814 – [[Andrew Jackson]] captures Pensacola and occupies it for the first time , November 7-9. He evicts British from the Spanish forts.*[[June 20]], [[1815]] – [[Angela Moreno]] (later Angela Moreno Mallory) is born.*[[August 14]], [[1816]] – [[John Innerarity]] writes [[James Innerarity]] that they expect an attack on Pensacola imminently.*[[1818]] – [[Andrew Jackson]] captures [[St. Mark's]].*[[May 24]], 1818 – [[Andrew Jackson]] captures Pensacola again to end Spanish supply of arms to Indians. *[[February 22]], [[1819]] – Spain and the United States signed the [[Adams-Onis Treaty]], giving the United States possession of Florida.*[[1820]] – Spanish census of Pensacola. Population: 712 persons. *[[1821]] – [[Andrew Jackson]] leaves Pensacola.*[[March 12]], 1821 – [[Andrew Jackson]] is commissioned by President James Monroe to oversee the transfer of Florida to the United States and became Florida's first American governor.*[[July 17]], 1821 – The United States officially assumes control of Florida in a flag-exchange ceremony at Pensacola.*[[July 17]], 1821 – [[Jose Cavallo]], Spanish governor of Florida, officially turns over Florida to [[Andrew Jackson]], representing the United States.*[[August 18]], 1821 – ''[[The Floridian]]'' newspaper, published by [[George Tunstall]] and [[Cary Nicholas]], issues its first edition.*[[October 3]], 1821 – A farewell party is given in honor of [[Andrew Jackson]] and his wife Rachel at [[Austin's Tavern]].*[[1821]] – Florida is organized into two counties: [[Escambia County|Escambia]] (West Florida) and St. Johns (East Florida). *[[March 30]], [[1822]] – Florida is organized as a territory.*[[July 22]], 1822 – The 1st session of Florida's legislative council convenes in Pensacola.*[[August 13]], 1822 – The Pensacola Board of Health reports [[yellow fever]] present in Pensacola, forcing the legislative council to move elsewhere. Epidemic ultimately kills 237 people.*1822 – Jackson and Duval counties created, changing boundaries of Escambia and St. John's counties.*[[March 13]], [[1824]] – ''[[Pensacola Gazette]]'' and ''[[West Florida Advertiser]]'' are first published.*[[May 16]], 1824 – [[Edmund Kirby Smith]], future Confederate General, is born in St. Augustine, Florida.*[[1824]] – [[City of Pensacola]] incorporated.*[[1824]]-[[1826]] – Road built from St. Augustine to Pensacola. *[[1825]] – [[Paul Rosasco]], father of [[Albert T. Rosasco|Albert T.]] and [[William Sebastian Rosasco|William Sebastian]], is born in Genoa, Italy.*[[November 4]], 1825 – A three-person board consisting of James Biddle, [[Lewis Warrington]], and William Bainbridge, recommended the construction of a [[Navy Yard]] at Pensacola.*[[April 20]], [[1826]] – Commodore [[Lewis Warrington]], United States Navy, assumes command of the [[Pensacola Navy Yard]] *[[October 27]], 1826 – Warrington's last day as commandant of the [[Navy Yard]].*[[November 8]], 1826 – The Navy issues its first contract to area businessmen for lumber to be used in the construction of the Navy Yard.*[[December 20]], 1826 – [[Pensacola Lighthouse]] first illuminated.*[[1827]] – The [[Naval Live Oaks Reservation]] is established on land previously owned by [[Henry M. Breckenridge]].*[[1827''' -- 03/14/1827]] – A labor strike commences in Pensacola.*[[1828]] – The towns of [[Warrington]] and [[Woolsey]] are constructed for the workmen who are working at the [[Navy Yard]].*[[December 9]], [[1830]] – [[Joseph Forsyth]] transfers half his land holdings to [[Andrew Simpson|Andrew]] and [[Ezekiel Simpson]], and together the three men built a lumber mill.*[[1830]] – Florida's first Federal census. Indian removal begins.*[[1831]] – [[Bank of Pensacola (original)|Bank of Pensacola]] is chartered.*[[1832]] – [[Old Christ Church]] is built in downtown Pensacola.*[[1833]] – The first bank in Pensacola is organized.*[[1834]] – Construction of [[Fort Pickens]] concludes.*[[1837]] – Bank panic hits Pensacola *[[1838]] – [[Stephen Russell Mallory]] marries [[Angela Moreno]], daughter of [[Francisco Moreno]].*[[1839]] – Construction of [[Fort Barrancas]] commences.*[[1842]] – [[Santa Rosa County]] is created from Escambia County.*[[1843]] – Construction on [[Fort McRee]] commences.*[[1843]] – [[Jonathon Walker]] is arrested on the coast of Florida while attempting to free several Pensacola slaves. He is put in [[Calabozo|jail]] in Pensacola, tried, sentenced to pay a fine and branded S.S. (for slave stealer) in the palm of the hand.*[[1844]] – Construction of [[Fort Barrancas]] concludes.*[[March 3]], [[1845]] – Florida enters the Union as a State. Sections and townships are laid out by the General Land Office. *[[March 4]], [[1849]] – [[Jackson Morton]] takes his seat as a Whig in the United States Senate.*[[1850]] – [[Stephen Russell Mallory]] is elected to the United States Senate.*[[May 6]], [[1851]] – Dr. [[John Gorrie]] patents his ice-making machine.*[[1852]] – [[Yellow fever]] hits the Pensacola Area.*[[1853]] – [[Yellow fever]] epidemic strikes Pensacola again.*[[1855]] – [[Joseph Forsyth]] dies. His mill changes its name to [[Simpson & Company]].*[[March 3]], 1855 – [[Jackson Morton]] resigns his seat in the United States Senate.*[[May 16]], [[1856]] – Construction begins on the [[Alabama & Florida Railroad]] between Pensacola and Montgomery, Alabama.*[[October 30]], [[1856]] – Major [[William H. Chase]], who supervised the construction of the local forts, retires from military service.*[[1857]]-[[1859]] – The [[USS Pensacola|USS ''Pensacola'']] and [[USS Seminole|USS ''Seminole'']] are constructed at Pensacola.*[[January 1]], [[1858]] – The [[Pensacola Lighthouse]] goes into operation.*[[June 25]], [[1859]] – The [[USS Seminole|USS ''1539Seminole'']] is launched.*[[January 5]], [[1861]] – Florida' s secession convention convenes in Tallahassee.*[[January 6]], 1861 – State troops seize the federal arsenal at Apalachicola.*[[January 7]], 1861 – State troops seized Fort Marion at St. Augustine. [[Adam Slemmer]] meets with the command of the [[Navy Yard]] as to what action should be taken in case local citizens and/or militia try to take possession of the Yard, or any of the forts.*[[January 8]], 1861 – First shots of [[Civil War]] fired at [[Fort Barrancas]]. Col. [[William Chase]] is authorized by Governor [[M. Perry]] to seize the forts at Pensacola.*[[January 10]], 1861 – Florida secedes from the Union. [[Adam Slemmer]] transfers his small artillery force from [[Fort Barrancas]] to [[Fort Pickens]].*[[January 12]], 1861 – State officials demand the surrender of [[Fort Pickens]]. State troops seized the [[Navy Yard]], [[Fort McRee]], [[Fort Barrancas]] and Barrancas [[Fort Barrancas barracks|barracks]] *[[January 15]], 1861 – State officials (Col. [[William H. Chase]]) again demanded [[Fort Pickens]] surrender. Fort Pickens refuses to surrender and remains the only Union-controlled fort in the South during the [[Civil War]].*[[January 18]], 1861 – State officials for a third time demanded the surrender of [[Fort Pickens]].*[[February 6]], 1861 – The USS ''Brooklyn'' arrives off [[Fort Pickens]] with reinforcements.*[[March 11]], 1861 – General [[Braxton Bragg]] arrives in Pensacola and assumes command of all Confederate forces.*[[April 12]], 1861 – Confederate forces extinguish the [[Pensacola Lighthouse]]. Union troops aboard the USS ''Brooklyn'' land and reinforce artillery troops at [[Fort Pickens]].*[[April 19]], 1861 – [[General Braxton Bragg]] declares martial law in Pensacola. President Abraham Lincoln issues orders that all Southern Ports be blockaded.*[[September 2]], 1861 – U.S. Navy boats destroy the Pensacola [[Navy Yard]].*[[September 14]], 1861 – Union troops from [[Fort Pickens]] board and set fire to the Confederate ship ''Judah''.*[[October 9]], 1861 – [[Battle of Santa Rosa Island]].*[[November 22]], 1861 – Artillery exchanged between Fort Pickens and Confederate batteries.*[[1862]] – Confederates burn the mills and many of the homes around the [[Bagdad]] area as they abandon Pensacola and the surrounding area.*[[January 1]], [[1862]] – Artillery duel between Confederates and Union *[[May 9]], 1862 – Confederate Forces evacuate Pensacola *[[May 10]], 1862 – Acting Mayor Broshaham surrenders Pensacola to Union officials after the Confederates evacuated the town.*[[May 20]], [[1865]] – Florida formally surrenders to Federal forces. Civil War over in June. *[[1867]] – Perry home built by Danish- born [[Hernando de SotoCarl Frederick Boysen]] explored , currently the [[Scottish Rite Lodge]] (1922) at Palafox and Wright Streets. *[[1868]] – Reconstruction in Florida ends.*[[March 28]], 1868 – The [[Pensacola & Louisville Railroad]] purchases the [[Alabama & Florida Railroad]], which had gone bankrupted after the [[Civil War]], for $55,000.*[[May 25]], [[1868]] – Florida readmitted to the Union.*[[1870]] – The railroad connects Pensacola to the outside world, and the lumber boom begins.*[[1872]] – Public school system established in Pensacola.*[[November 9]], [[1873]] – [[Stephen R. Mallory]] dies.*[[November 20]], [[1874]] – [[Jackson Morton]] dies. *[[August 10]], [[1876]] – First burial at [[St. Johns Cemetery]].*[[October 1]], 1876 – [[F. C. Brent]] and [[Louis P. Knowles]] found the banking firm of [[Knowles & Brent]].*[[1880]] – Pensacola is Florida's third largest city. *[[February 27]], [[1880]] – Louisville & Nashville RR bought the Pensacola Railroad *1880s – [[Pensacola Gas Company]] founded.*[[June 1]], [[1881]] – Construction on the [[Pensacola & Atlantic Railroad]] begins. *[[August 22]], [[1881]] – Construction begins on railroad bridges over [[Pensacola Bay]] and the [[Choctahatchee River|Choctahatchee]] and [[Apalachicola River]]s.*[[1882]] – The [[Tarragona Street Depot]] is destroyed by fire.*[[1882]] – [[Francisco Moreno]] dies.*[[August 15]], 1882 – The first passengers take a ride on the [[Pensacola & Atlantic Railroad]].*[[August 15]], 1882 – The first train carrying passengers crosses the [[Pensacola Bay railroad bridge]].*[[1883]] – Opening of the [[Opera House]], built by [[Daniel F. Sullivan]].*[[1883]] – [[Saunders Fish Company]] formed by [[Thomas E. Welles]] and Captain [[E. E. Saunders]]. *[[April 11]], 1883 – The Pensacola & Atlantic Railroad is completed between Pensacola and Jacksonville *[[1885]] – A new court house is completed. *[[May 20]], 1885 – [[Milton]]'s business district burns. Fire may have started in the [[Mayer Bros.]] store.*[[1886]] – [[St Michael's Catholic Church]] is built.*[[1886]] – [[Geronimo]] is brought to Pensacola as a prisoner.*[[1888]] – [[First Presbyterian Church]] is built on [[Chase Street]] by [[Turner Construction Company]].*[[1888]] – Electric power company goes online.*[[1889]] – [[F. C. Brent]] helps organize the [[Pensacola Chamber of Commerce]].*[[September 16]], 1889 – The [[Pensacola Chamber of Commerce]] meets for the first time (organized) and [[William Dudley Chipley]] becomes the first president.*[[1890]] – Horse drawn streetcar system becomes operational.*1890s – Fires sweep through Pensacola*[[June 17]], [[1891]] – [[Lee Square]], formerly Florida Park, dedicated in memory of [[Jefferson Davis]], [[Stephen R. Mallory]], [[Edward A. Perry]] and the Confederate dead. *[[1892]] – [[John A. Merritt]] marries the daughter of [[R. H. Turner]] *[[January 23]], [[1892]] – The [[First National Bank of Pensacola]] and the [[Brent's Bank]] merge.*[[1895]] – [[Young Men's Business League]] of Pensacola founded.*[[1897]] – [[Temple Beth-El]] built on [[Chase Street]].*[[1898]] – [[Spanish-American War]] erupts.*[[March 21]], 1898 – [[Pensacola Electric Railway Company]] goes into operation.*c. [[1898]] – [[William D. Chipley]] monument erected in [[Ferdinand Plaza]]. Chipley was several times mayor of Pensacola, founder of the Florida Chautauqua and Florida State Senator. The monument is inscribed: "Soldier - Statesman - Public Benefactor."*[[June 20]], [[1899]] – Gunpowder at [[Fort Pickens]] explodes, destroying an entire bastion.

== 1900s ==*[[1900]] – [[Baars, Dunwoody & Company]] established.*1900 – [[St. Anthony'''1559''' s Hospital]] established.*1900 – [[Pensacola Shipbuilding and Dry Dock Company]] established.*1900 – [[American National Bank]] established *1900 – [[Alger-Sullivan Company]] begins operation in [[Century]]. *[[1901]] – [[Thiesen Building]] is constructed, named for Danish- 06/11/1559 born [[Chris Thiesen]]. *[[1902]] – Pensacola establishes its first [[streetcar]] system.*1902 – Navy Yard receives a [[Navy Yard dry dock|dry dock]].*[[1904]] – William, Albert, and Peter Rosasco buy the [[Bay Point Mill Company]]. *[[1905]] – The last [[yellow fever]] epidemic in Pensacola. *[[January 1]], [[1905]] – [[F. C. Brent]] retires as the president of the [[First National Bank]]. *[[November 1]], 1905 – [[Halloween Night Fire|Fire]] erupts in downtown Pensacola destroying several buildings and prompting construction of the new [[Blount Building|Blount]] and [[Brent Building]]s.*[[1906]] – A category 3 [[1906 hurricane|hurricane]] hits Pensacola, 134 dead. The [[Navy Yard dry dock]] is destroyed.*[[1908]] – New Pensacola City Hall built, current site of [[T. T. Wentworth Jr. Florida State Museum]]. *[[1910]] – [[Hotel San Carlos]] opens. *[[October 20]], [[1911]] – The United States Government closes the Pensacola Navy Yard and it is abandoned.*[[November 17]], [[1913]] – FDR arrives in Pensacola to announce plans for a Naval Air Station at Pensacola.{{fact}}*[[January 20]], [[1914]] – The first [[naval flight school]] was established at the [[Navy Yard]].*[[February 2]], 1914 – The [[First National Bank of Pensacola]] collapses when a Liverpool- Members based timber firm goes bankrupt, marking the beginning of a Pensacola depression.*[[1915]] – [[Pensacola Hospital]] (later Sacred Heart Hospital) opens on [[12th Avenue]] by Daughters of Charity.*[[1916]] – A [[1916 hurricane|hurricane]] hits Northwest Florida, destroying much of Luna's expedition embarked Pensacola and [[Milton]].*[[1916]] – The [[Newport Company]], a naval stores industry, was established in Pensacola.*[[1917]] – A [[1917 hurricane|hurricane]] hit Pensacola, destroying the [[Pensacola Opera House]].*[[1918]] – A [[influenza|flu]] epidemic strikes Pensacola.*[[1919]] – Another serious [[influenza]] epidemic strikes Pensacola.*[[1920]] – Ten cases of [[bubonic plague]] epidemic in Pensacola which includes 6 deaths.*[[1921]] – The [[Newport Company]] closes. *[[1925]] – [[Saenger Theatre]] built at Vera Cruzcurrent location on [[Palafox Street]].*[[1926]] – [[WCOA]] AM radio goes on the air.*1926 – A category 4 [[1926 hurricane|hurricane]] hits Gulf Coast, Mexico134 dead. *[[1929]] – The stock market crashes. *[[1930]] – [[Warrington]], a civilian community named for their journey Capt. [[Lewis Warrington]], moves from [[Naval Air Station]] to establish present site across [[Bayou Grande]].*1930 – [[H. Clay Armstrong]] produces the History of Escambia County. *[[1931]] – Bridges are built across [[Santa Rosa Sound]] and [[Pensacola Bay]]. *[[1936]] – [[Spearman Brewery]] opens. *[[1938]] – Pensacola's first [[Pensacola Public Library|public library]] opened for white residents of the community.*[[January 24]], [[1939]] – A post office is established in [[Gulf Breeze]].*[[1941]] – [[Pensacola Pulp & Paper Company]] opens, becomes [[St. Regis]] and then [[Champion International]]. *[[December 7]], 1941 – The Japanese attack Pearl Harbor, Hawaii, bringing the United States into [[World War II]].*[[1948]] – [[Escambia General Hospital]] opens, becomes [[University Hospital]]. *[[1951]] – [[Baptist Hospital]] opens. *[[August 10]], [[1961]] – [[City of Gulf Breeze|Gulf Breeze]]'s first [[Mayor of Gulf Breeze|mayor]] and [[Gulf Breeze City Council|city council]] are officially sworn into office.*[[August 17]], 1961 – The [[Gulf Breeze City Council]] holds its first official meeting.*[[1963]] – [[University of West Florida]] founded, opens in [[1967]]. *[[October 5]], [[1995]] – [[Hurricane Opal]] hits Pensacola .

* Appleyard, John, ''The History of Local Government in Pensacola & Escambia County'1559''' -- 08/19/1559 - A hurricane struck , Pensacola Bay, virtually destroying Luna's fleet : 1991

* Coker, William S. and G. Douglas Inglis, ''The Spanish Censuses of Pensacola'1561', 1784-1820: '' -- 03/16/1561 - Villafane arriveed at A Genealogical Guide to Spanish Pensacola for relief for Luna's expedition after the hurricane of 1559 ', Perdido Bay Press: 1980

'''1561''' -- 04/09/1561 * Coker, William S. and Thomas D. Watson, Indian Traders of the Southeastern Spanish Borderlands; Panton, Leslie & Company and John Forbes & Company, 1783- Villifane became the governor 1847, University of West Florida Press/ Pensacola: 1986

* McGovern, James R., editor, ''Colonial Pensacola'1565''' -- St. Augustine, on Florida's East Coast, was founded by the Spanish1974: Pensacola

== 1600* McGovern, James R., 's =='The Emergence of a City in the Modern South: Pensacola 1900-1945'', Pensacola: 1976

'''1682''' * Pensacola News-- 04/06/1682 - La Salle claimed Louisiana for France Journal, Sunday, October 2, 1949

* Pensacola News-Journal, ''Passport 1995'1684''' -- Sieur de la Salle descended the Mississippi River an made a failed attempt to establish a colony near the mouth of the Mississippi , p. 7.

* Vicker, Elizabeth D., "A Chronology of Epidemics in Pensacola, Florida, 1764-1995, '''1686'West Florida Footprints'' -- 02/06/1686 - An expedition under the command of Juan Enriques Barroto (Juan Jordan Reina) entered Pensacola Bay , #14, 1994

'''1692''' -- 06/26/1892 - Conde de Galve* Wentworth, viceroy of Mexico, was given instructions by the Spanish King to explore the gulf coast  '''1693''' -- 04/07/1693 - Admiral Andres de Pez's expedition entered Pensacola Bay  '''1694''' -- 06/13/1694 - The King of Spain (Charles II??) gave the go ahead to settle Pensacola  '''1698''' -- 11/06/1698 - An expedition under Juan Jordan de Reina sailed from Havana, Cuba, to settle Pensacola  '''1698''' -- 11/17/1698 - An expedition under the command of Juan Jordan Reina arrived at Pensacola  '''1698''' -- 11/21/1698 - An expedition under the command of Andres de Arriola, arrived in Pensacola from Vera Cruz, Mexico   == 1700's ==  '''1702''' -- French, under d'Iberville, founded Mobile, Biloxi, and Dauphin Island  '''1702''' -- Spanish settlers at Pensacola suffered a severe epidemic, probably [[Yellow Fever]]  '''1704''' -- Pensacola received its first women settlers  '''1707''' -- [[Creek Indians]], under the urging of the British, attacked and burned Spanish Pensacola  '''1707''' -- [[Creek Indians]] laid siege to [[Fort San Carlos]] at Pensacola, but withdrew  '''1719''' -- Spanish recaptured Pensacola  '''1719''' -- 05/13/1719 - French from Mobile sailed to Pensacola in an attempt to capture the town  '''1719''' -- 05/16/1719 - The French Fleet, under [[Jean Baptiste Le Moyne]] and his brother Sieur de Bienville, entered Pensacola Bay, fired on [[Fort San Carlos]], and captured the Pensacola  '''1719''' -- 09/18/1719 - French recaptured Pensacola  '''1720''' -- France and Spain make peace.  '''1722''' -- France burns Pensacola in a scorched earth policy. Spanish secure return of Pensacola from France and reoccupy, November 25. Spaniards build on [[Santa Rosa Island]] - the "Second Pensacola."  '''1723''' -- Spanish built a village on [[Santa Rosa Island]]  '''1723''' -- French left Pensacola  '''1743''' -- The first timber export left Pensacola by the Havana Company  '''1753-1763''' -- Spanish garrisoned at Pensacola  '''1754''' -- Hurricane destroys the village of Pensacola on Santa Rosa Island. Survivors move to the mainland.  '''1757''' -- 12/23/1757 - King Ferdinand VI(I?) issues royal orders naming settlement near San Miguel mission (near today's Seville Square), 'Presidio San Miqual de Panzacola' or [[Panzacola]] - the "Third Pensacola."  '''1760''' -- A Hurricane struck Pensacola  '''1763''' -- Spanish left Pensacola as a result of the [[Treaty of Ghent]], which gave Florida to the British  '''1763''' -- 02/10/1763 - The Spanish and British signed the [[Treaty of Paris]], resulting in Spain ceding Florida to the British  '''1763''' -- 07/10/1763 - Colonel [[Augustine Prevost]] sailed from Havana, Cuba with 4 ships & 350 men on their way to accept the transfer of Florida from Spain to Great Britain  '''1763''' -- 08/05/1763 - Lieutenant Colonel [[Augustine Prevost]] arrived in Pensacola with 350 men to accept the transfer of Florida from Spain to Great Britian  '''1763''' -- 08/06/1763 - Lieutenant Colonel [[Augustin Prevost]] and troops took command of Pensacola for the British  '''1763''' -- 09/03/1763 - The Spanish left Pensacola  '''1764''' -- First meeting of West Florida Council, November. Began by declaring all titles purchased from departing Spaniards void. Surveyor, [[Elias Durnford]], prepares a plan for the city. Divides town into building and garden lots with the dviding line being present day [[Garden Street]] '''1764''' -- 10/21/1764 - George Johnstone arrived in Pensacola as West Florida's first British governor  '''1764''' -- 11/24/1764 - The first council was convened by the British in Pensacola  '''1767''' -- George Johnstone relieved as governor of West Florida and succeeded by Monfort Browne  '''1769''' -- [[John Eliot]] arrived in Pensacola as the new governor  '''1769''' -- 05/02/1769 - [[John Eliot]], governor of West Florida, hanged himself  '''1769''' -- 07/31/1769 - [[Elias Durnford]] named Lieutenant Governor as acting governor  '''1770''' -- [[Peter Chester]] arrived in Pensacola as the new British governor  '''1770''' -- [[Bernardo de Galvez]] appointed governor of Spanish Louisiana  '''1770''' -- 08/10/1770 - [[Peter Chester]] arrived in Pensacola as governor of West Florida  '''1773-1774''' -- Botanist [[William Bartram]] explores Florida across what is now known as the Batram Trail '''1774''' -- 10/24/1774 - Continental Congress wrote to the Assembly in Pensacola, but was suppressed by Governor Chester  '''1775-1783''' -- Revolutionary War, Florida remains loyal to England  '''1777''' -- 01/01/1777 - [[Don Bernardo Galvez]] became the acting Governor of Louisiana  '''1779''' -- 06/21/1779 - Spain declared war on England (implications for Florida)  '''1780''' -- [[Elias Durnford]] surrendered Mobile to Galvez '''1780''' -- 01/28/1780 - [[Bernardo de Galvez]] sailed from New Orleans in an abortive attempt to capture Pensacola  '''1781''' -- The land that St. Michaels Cemetery occupies was designated a burying place.  '''1781''' -- 02/28/1781 - [[Bernardo de Galvez]] sailed again from New Orleans with an invasion force headed for Pensacola  '''1781''' -- 03/09/1781 - [[Bernardo de Galvez]] entered Pensacola Bay and lays siege to the British  '''1781''' -- 05/07/1781 - [[Bernardo de Galvez]] began his siege of the British [[Fort George]], located just north of Pensacola  '''1781''' -- 05/08/1781 - British [[General John Campbell]] surrendered Pensacola to [[Bernardo de Galvez]] after a shot from the Spanish cannon (mortar) destroys the British powder magazine  '''1781''' -- 05/09/1781 - British soldiers left their fort at Pensacola, officially ending the British presence in Florida  '''1783''' -- Florida given to Spain by England in exchange for Bahamas and Gibraltar. Most British settlers leave.  '''1784''' -- Spanish census of Pensacola. Population = 593 persons  '''1785''' -- Panton, Leslie & John Forbes & Co. Trading Post in Pensacola is established '''1792''' -- [[Francisco Moreno]] was born in Pensacola  '''1794''' -- 08/10/1794 - [[Jackson Morton]] was born  '''1795''' -- Spain yields its claim to the northern part of West Florida . The United States and Spain signed the [[Pickney Treaty]] establishing the borders between the United States and Spanish Florida  '''1798''' -- [[William HT. Chase]] was born in Massachusetts == 1800's ==  '''1801''' -- [[William Panton]], co-owner of [[Panton-Leslie & Company]], died at sea  '''1804''' -- The [[Panton-Leslie & Company]] changed its name to John Forbes & Company  '''1807''' -- The Inneraity family assumed control of John Forbes & Company  '''1808''' -- [[Thomas William Brent]] was Born in Washington DC  '''1812''' -- [[Stephen Russell Mallory]], future US Senator and Confederate Secretary of the Navy, was born in Trinidad  '''1813''' -- General [[James Wilkinson]] and troops captured Mobile  '''1813''' -- 08/30/1813 - Fort Mims Massacre '''1814''' -- 03/27/1814 - Andrew Jackson and his Tennessee Volunteers defeated the Creek Indians at the Battle of Horseshoe Bend  '''1814''' -- 11/14/1814 - Jackson captured Pensacola for the first time  '''1815''' -- 06/20/1815 - Angela Moreno (later Angela Moreno Mallory) is born  '''1816''' -- 08/14/1816 - John Innerarity writes James Innerarity that they expect an attack on Pensacola real soon  '''1818''' -- Andrew Jackson captured St Marks  '''1818''' -- Andrew Jackson captured Pensacola again  '''1819''' -- 02/22/1819 - Spain and the United States signed the Adams-Onis Treaty, giving the United States possession of Florida  '''1821''' -- Andrew Jackson leaves Pensacola  '''1821''' -- 03/12/1821 - Andrew Jackson was given a commission by President James Monroe to oversee the transfer of Florida to the United States and became Florida's first American governor  '''1821''' -- 07/17/1821 - The United States officially assumed control of Florida in a flag-exchange ceremony at Pensacola  '''1821''' -- 07/17/1821 - Jose Cavalla, Spanish governor of Florida, officially turned over Florida to Andrew Jackson, representing the United States  '''1821''' -- 08/18/1821 - The Floridian Newspaper, published by George Tunstall and Cary Nicholas, issued its first edition  '''1821''' -- 10/03/1821 - A farewell party was given in honor of Andrew Jackson and his wife Rachel at Austin's Tavern  '''1822''' -- Yellow Fever epidemic in Pensacola (forced the 1st Legislative council to move elsewhere) 237 people died  '''1822''' -- Florida's first legislative council convened in Pensacola  '''1822''' -- 07/22/1822 - The 1st session of Florida's legislative council convened in Pensacola  '''1822''' -- 08/13/1822 - The Pensacola Board of Health reported yellow fever was present in Pensacola, which eventually killed 237 people  '''1824''' -- 05/16/1824 - Edmund Kirby Smith, future Confederate General, was born in St. Augustine, Florida  '''1825''' -- Paul Rosasco, father of Albert T. and William Sebastian, was born in Genoa, Italy  '''1825''' -- 11/04/1825 - A three-person board consisting of James Biddle, Lewis Warrington, and William Bainbridge, recommended the construction of a Navy Yard at Pensacola  '''1826''' -- 04/20/1826 - Commodore Lewis Warrington, United States Navy, assumed command of the Pensacola Navy Yard  '''1826''' -- 10/27/1826 - Warrington's last day as commandant of the Pensacola Navy Yard  '''1826''' -- 11/08/1826 - The navy issued its first contract to area businessmen for lumber to be used in the construction of the navy yard  '''1827''' -- The Naval Live Oaks Reservation was established on land previously owned by Henry M. Breckenridge  '''1827''' -- 03/14/1827 - A labor strike commenced in Pensacola  '''1828''' -- the towns of Warrington and Woolsey were constructed for the workmen who are working at the Pensacola Navy Yard  '''1830''' -- 12/09/1830 - Joseph Forsyth transferred half his land holdings to Andrew and Ezekiel Simpson, and together the three men built a lumber mill  '''1831''' -- Bank of Pensacola chartered  '''1832''' -- Old Christ Church is Built in downtown Pensacola  '''1833''' -- The first bank in Pensacola is organized  '''1834''' -- Construction of Fort Pickens concluded  '''1837''' -- Bank Panic hit Pensacola  '''1838''' -- Stephen Russell Mallory married Angela Moreno, daughter of Francisco Moreno  '''1839''' -- Construction of Fort Barrancas began  '''1843''' -- Construction on Fort McRee commenced  '''1844''' -- Construction of Fort Barrancas concluded  '''1845''' -- 03/03/1845''' -- Florida entered the Union as a State  '''1849''' -- 03/04/1849 - Jackson Morton took his seat as a Whig in the United States Senate  '''1850''' -- Stephen Russell Mallory was elected to the United States Senate  '''1851''' -- 5/06/1851 - Dr. John Gorrie patented his ice-making machine  '''1852''' -- Yellow Fever hit the Pensacola Area  '''1853''' -- Yellow Fever epidemic struck Pensacola again '''1855''' -- Joseph Forsyth Died and his mill changed its name to Simpson & Company  '''1855''' -- 03/03/1855 - Jackson Morton resigned his seat in the United States Senate  '''1856''' -- 05/16/1856 - Construction began on the Alabama & Florida Railroad between Pensacola and Montgomery, Alabama  '''1856''' -- 10/30/1856 - Major William H. Chase, who supervised the construction of the local forts, retired from military service  '''1857-1859''' -- The USS Pensacola and USS Seminole were constructed at Pensacola  '''1858''' -- 01/01/1858 - The Pensacola Lighthouse went into operation  '''1859''' -- 06/25/1859 - The USS Seminole, built in Pensacola, was launched  '''1861''' -- 01/05/1861 - Florida's secession Convention convened in Tallahassee  '''1861''' -- 01/06/1861 - State troops seized the Federal arsenal at Apalachicola  '''1861''' -- 1/07/1861 - State troops seized Fort Marion at St. Augustine  '''1861''' -- 01/07/1861 - Slemmer met with the command of the Navy Yard as to what action should be taken in case local citizens and/or militia tried to take possession of the Yard, or any of the forts  '''1861''' -- 01/10/1861 - Florida seceded from the Union  '''1861''' -- 01/10/1861 - Adam Slemmer transferred his small artillery force from Fort Barrancas to Fort Pickens  '''1861''' -- 01/12/1861 - State officials demanded the surrender of Fort Pickens  '''1861''' -- 01/12/1861 - Troops from Alabama and Florida occupied the Pensacola Navy Yard  '''1861''' -- 01/12/1861 - State troops seized the Pensacola Navy Yard, Fort McRee, Fort Barrancas, and Barrancas Barracks  '''1861''' -- 01/15/1861 - State officials (Col. Chase) again demanded Fort Pickens surrender  '''1861''' -- 01/18/1861 - State Officials for a third time demanded the surrender of Fort Pickens  '''1861''' -- 02/06/1861 - The USS Brooklyn arrived of Fort Pickens with reinforcements  '''1861''' -- 3/11/1861 - General Braxton Bragg arrived in Pensacola and assumes command of all Confederate forces  '''1861''' -- 04/12/1861 - Confederate Forces extinguished the Pensacola Lighthouse  '''1861''' -- 04/12/1861 - US Troops aboard the USS Brooklyn landed and reinforced US Artillery troops at Fort Pickens  '''1861''' -- 04/19/1861 - General Braxton Bragg declared marshal law in Pensacola  '''1861''' -- 04/19/1861 - President Abraham Lincoln issued orders that all Southern Ports be blockaded  '''1861''' -- 09/02/1861 - US Navy boats destroyed the Pensacola Navy Yard  '''1861''' -- 09/14/1861 - Union troops from Fort Pickens boarded and set fire to the Confederate ship Judah  '''1861''' -- 10/09/1861 - Battle of Santa Rosa Island  '''1861''' -- 11/22/1861 - Artillery Duel between Fort Pickens and Confederate Batteries  '''1862''' -- Confederates burned the mills and many of the homes around the Bagdad area as they abandoned Pensacola and the surrounding area  '''1862''' -- 01/01/1862 - Artillery duel between Confederates and Union  '''1862''' -- 05/09/1862 - Confederate Forces evacuate Pensacola  '''1862''' -- 05/10/1862 - Acting Mayor Broshaham surrendered Pensacola to Union officials after the Confederates evacuated the town  '''1868''' -- Reconstruction in Florida ended  '''1868''' -- 03/28/1868 - The Pensacola & Louisville Railroad bought the Alabama & Florida Railroad, which had gone bankrupted after the Civil War, for $55,000  '''1870''' -- The Railroad finally connected Pensacola to the outside world  '''1872''' -- Public school system established in Pensacola  '''1873''' -- 11/09/1873 - Stephen R. Mallory died  '''1874''' -- 11/20/1874 - Jackson Morton Died  '''1876''' -- 10/01/1876 - Francis C. Brent and Louis P. Knowles founded the banking firm of Knowles & Brent  '''1880''' -- 02/27/1880 - Louisville & Nashville RR bought the Pensacola Railroad  '''1880s''' -- Pensacola Gas Company founded  '''1881''' -- 06/01/1881 - Construction on the Pensacola & Atlantic Railroad began  '''1881''' -- 08/22/1881 - Construction began on railroad bridges over Pensacola Bay and the Choctahatchee and Apalachicola Rivers  '''1882''' -- The Tarragona Street Depot was destroyed by fire  '''1882''' -- Francisco Moreno died  '''1882''' -- 08/15/1882 - The first passengers took a ride on the Pensacola & Atlantic RR  '''1882''' -- 08/15/1882 - The first train carrying passengers crossed the railroad bridge over Pensacola Bay  '''1883''' -- 04/11/1883 - The Pensacola & Atlantic Railroad was completed between Pensacola and Jacksonville  '''1885''' -- 05/20/1885 - Milton's business district burned. Fire may have started in the Mayer Bros store  '''1886''' -- St Michael's Catholic Church was built  '''1886''' -- Geronimo was brought to Pensacola as a prisoner  '''1888''' -- A Presbyterian Church was built on Chase Street by Turner Construction Company  '''1888''' -- Electric power company went online  '''1889''' -- F. C. Brent helped organize the Chamber of Commerce in Pensacola  '''1889''' -- 09/16/1889 - The Pensacola Chamber of Commerce met for the first time (organized) and Chipley became the 1st president  '''1890''' -- Horse drawn streetcar system became operational  '''1890s''' -- Fires swept through Pensacola  '''1892''' -- John A. Merritt married the daughter of RJr. H. Turner  '''1892''' -- 01/23/1892 - The First National Bank of Pensacola and the Brent's Bank merged  '''1895''' -- Young Men's Business League of Pensacola founded  '''1897''' -- Temple Beth-El built on Chase Street  '''1898''' -- Spanish-American war erupted  '''1898''' -- 03/21/1898 - Pensacola Electric Railway Company went into operation  '''1899''' -- 6/20/1899 - Gun Powder at Fort Pickens exploded, destroying an entire bastion == 1900's == '''1900''' -- Baars, Dunwoody & Company established  '''1900''' -- St. Anthony's Hospital established  '''1900''' -- Pensacola Shipbuilding and Dry Dock Company established  '''1900'Picture Book'' -- American National Bank established  '''1902''' -- Pensacola established its first streetcar system  '''1902''' -- Pensacola navy yard received a dry dock  '''1904''' -- William, Albert, and Peter Rosasco bought the Bay Point Mill Company  '''1905''' -- fires destroys much of downtown Pensacola  '''1905''' -- 01/01/1905 - F. C. Brent retired as the president of the First National Bank  '''1905''' -- 10/31/1905 - Fire erupted in downtown Pensacola destroying the Brent Block which included the Brent and Blount buildings  '''1906''' -- A Hurricane hit Pensacola  '''1906''' -- Dry dock at the Pensacola Navy Yard destroyed by a hurricane  '''1911''' -- 10/20/1911 - The United States Government closed the Pensacola Navy Yard  '''1913''' -- 11/#17/1913 - FDR arrived in Pensacola to announce plans to create a Naval Air Station at Pensacola  '''1914''' -- 11/01/1914 - The firm of Crow, Rudolf & Company in Liverpool, England, went bankrupted. The First National Bank of Pensacola had put a lot of money into the company and lost a lot when it when belly up. It caused an economic depression in Pensacolaseries .  '''1914''' -- 01/20/1914 - The first naval flight school was established at the Pensacola Navy Yard  '''1916''' -- A Hurricane hit NW Florida  '''1916''' -- The Newport Company, a naval stores industry, was established in Pensacola  '''1917''' -- A Hurricane hit Pensacola, destroying the Pensacola Opera House  '''1918''' -- A Flu Epidemic struck Pensacola  '''1921''' -- The Newport company closed  '''1926''' -- WCOA AM radio went on the air  '''1926''' -- A hurricane hit Pensacola  '''1929''' -- The Stock Market Crashed  '''1939''' -- 01/24/1939 - A post office was established in Gulf Breeze  '''1941''' -- 12/07/1941 - The Japanese attacked Pearl Harbor, Hawaii, bringing the United States into World War II  '''1961''' -- 08/10/1961 - Gulf Breeze's first mayor and city council were officially sworn into office  '''1961''' -- 08/17/1961 - The Gulf Breeze City Council held its first official meeting  '''1995''' -- 10/05/1995 - Hurricane Opal hit Pensacola