Editing Saenger Theatre

{{Infobox Building
|image=SaengerTheatreGrad.jpg
|caption=[[Catholic High School]]'s 2007 graduation at the Saenger
|name=Saenger Theatre
|location=118 S [[Palafox Street]]<br/>Pensacola, FL 32502
|architect=[[Emile Weil]]
|client=[[Saenger Amusement Company]]
|engineer=[[C.H. Turner]]
|owner=[[City of Pensacola]]
|construction_start_date=
|completion_date=[[April 2]], [[1925]]<br/>(opening)
|renovations=1962<br/>1977-1981 ($1.6 million)<br/>1996 (lobby)<br/>2007 (planned, $16 million)
|date_demolished=
|cost=$500,000
|structural_system=
|style=Spanish Rococo
|size=1,784 seats
|mapcode=<googlemap lat="30.410773" lon="-87.214762" type="map" zoom="16" width="300" height="150">
30.410754, -87.214794, Saenger Theatre
</googlemap>
}}
{{For|the Saenger Theatre in Mobile, Alabama|Saenger Theatre (Mobile)}}

The [[Saenger Theatre]], affectionately called the "Grand Dame of Palafox," is a historic theater on South [[Palafox Street]]. Opened in 1925 as a Vaudeville performance hall, it later became a movie house until its closure in [[1975]]. The building was saved from demolition when it was donated to the [[City of Pensacola]]; it was then restored, reopening in [[1981]]. Since then it has become a popular concert venue and is home to many of Pensacola's performing arts organizations.

==Early Years==
{{cquote|We have an abiding faith in the future of Pensacola and are not only keeping faith with the Pensacola people, whom we promised to give a theatre, but we are planning for the future.|40px|40px|E.M. Clarke, Secretary, Saenger Amusement Company}}
[[Image:RobertMortonOrgan.jpg|thumb|left|The Robert Morton organ installed in 1927]]The Saenger Theatre is one of several Pensacola theaters opened by the [[Saenger Amusement Company]] (the others being the [[Rex Theatre|Rex]] and [[Isis Theatre]]s). It was designed by New Orleans architect [[Emile Weil]], who designed many theaters of the same name across the country (including the [[Saenger Theatre (Mobile)|Mobile Saenger]]). Bricks and iron railings were salvaged from the rubble of the old [[Pensacola Opera House]], demolished after being damaged in the hurricanes of [[Hurricane of 1916|1916]] and [[Hurricane of 1917|1917]], and incorporated into the Saenger's construction by builder [[C.H. Turner]].

The Pensacola Saenger opened on [[April 2]], [[1925]], at the peak of Vaudeville popularity; its first performance, emceed by County Solicitor [[William Fisher]], included an orchestra performance of "The Star-Spangled Banner," followed by [[Miss Kehoe's Aesthetics Dancing Class]] performing the "Dance of Old Seville," then a solo by [[Agnes Neudorff]], plus the crowning of [[Blanche Morgan]] as Miss Pensacola, and finally the main feature: Cecil B. de Mille's ''The Ten Commandments'', projected from "Dr. Mendenhall's new transvertical non-statical projectographic machine."<ref>[http://www.pensacolasaenger.com/history-art-saenger.asp The Pensacola Saenger, by Christine Englert]</ref> In 1927, a Robert Morton organ (later nicknamed "Lola") was installed in the theater.<ref>http://www.ellises.org/gcatos.htm Gulf Coast Chapter of the American Theatre Organ Society]</ref>

==Decline & Restoration==
[[Image:Saenger.gif|thumb|left]]As the popularity of Vaudeville-style performances waned, seats were added to make the Saenger strictly a movie house. During [[World War II]], it showed newsreels 24 hours a day. The box seats were torn down as movies were increasingly shot in widescreen. During the 60s and 70s, with the arrival of more modern theaters, movie audiences abandoned the Saenger. It gained the reputation as an adult movie house and continued to deteriorate. The owners, ABC Southeastern Theatres, closed its doors on [[November 13]], [[1975]], and donated the building to the City of Pensacola a month later on [[December 8]]. After [[Pensacola Junior College]] rejected an offer to take control, the Saenger's future looked bleak, until the [[University of West Florida]] pledged a half-million dollars to rent the theater over the next twenty years. Combined with donations raised by the newly-formed "Friends of the Saenger" and a city loan, $1.6 million was spent to bring the Saenger back to its 1925 glory: the box seats were restored from Weil's original blueprints, the main floor was newly-carpeted and reupholstered, and the stage's electrical components and curtain/fly systems were upgraded to modern standards. It reopened on [[September 26]], [[1981]], with "A Champagne Evening to Remember," featuring a performance by the Duke Ellington Orchestra.<ref>[http://www.pensacolasaenger.com/history-art-renovations.asp A History of Renovations]</ref>

==The Grand Dame Lives==
Since its 1981 reopening, the Saenger has become Pensacola's premier mid-size venue. It is the primary performance home of 45 organizations including the [[Pensacola Symphony Orchestra]], [[Pensacola Opera]], [[Pensacola Children's Chorus]] and [[Ballet Pensacola]]. Managed by Philadelphia-based [[SMG]], the Saenger also hosts touring musicians, Broadway-style shows and other entertainments. Renovations in [[1996]] doubled the number of restrooms, increased the lobby and concession area, and added a ramp and elevator for accessibility. 

The Saenger closed in mid-2007 for a comprehensive "Expansion and Renovation Project" that enlarged the total area of the theater from 33,514 to 61,570 square feet. Designed by architect [[Miller Caldwell, Jr.]] of [[Caldwell Associates]], some of the renovations included:
*Stage extension to [[Jefferson Street]] for prop storage and unimpeded cross over.
*Two-story backstage facilities on south end ([[Intendencia Street]] parking lot).
*New covered loading dock & freight elevator.
*New, wider seats for the entire main floor. Growing from 18 inches to 23 inches, the total number of seats was reduced from 1,802 to 1,641.
*New lobby space added.
*Additional restrooms and meeting rooms added.
*Expanded orchestra shell.
*Enhanced acoustics, sound equipment and lighting.
When the renovation project was initially approved in February [[2005]], it was estimated to cost around $9 million: $6 million paid by the City of Pensacola's [[local option sales tax]], $2 million from [[Escambia County]], and the remainder from grants and private donations. In [[2007]], however, revised projections put the cost closer to $16 million. According to Capital Committee chairman [[Bill Greenhut]], owner of [[Greenhut Construction Company]] and community leader of the fundraising efforts, "Construction costs have gone up around 40 to 50 percent, and I can attest to that."<ref name="pnj032507">"The show will go on." ''Pensacola News Journal'', March 25, 2007</ref> Due to the crisis local governments are facing with [[property tax]]es and [[property insurance|insurance]], combined with the [[2007 City of Pensacola budget adjustment|City of Pensacola's 2007 budget shortfall]], fundraisers were reluctant to ask for more public funding. However, Greenhut says, "If there's better news from the Legislature, we would like to go back to the City Council in April or May and ask for an additional sum of money."<ref name="pnj032507"/>

The final performance at the Saenger before it closed for renovations was "Get Back! Cast of [[Wikipedia:Beatlemania|Beatlemania]]" on [[June 30]]. At the time, a ''[[Pensacola News Journal]]'' article disclosed that only about $8.75 million had been raised, and that about $900,000 expected from state grants had fallen through in the Florida Legislature.<ref>"Saenger has last hurrah before renovations." ''Pensacola News Journal,'' June 30, 2007.</ref>

On [[September 10]], [[2007]], the [[Pensacola City Council]]'s Committee of the Whole voted to provide an additional $6 million to the renovations, borrowing the funds from an outstanding capital improvement bond.<ref>"City to pony up for Saenger." ''Pensacola News Journal'', September 11, 2007.</ref> The total public commitments were $10 million from the city and $4 million from the county. The [[Friends of the Saenger]] organization is obligated to raise at least $1 million in private contributions. Donors of $1,000 or more will have their names engraved in one of the new seats.<ref>[https://www.friendsofthesaenger.com/ Friends of the Saenger website]</ref>

[[Image:SaengerRenovations-SouthDemo.jpg|thumb|right|Part of the Saenger's south side was demolished on March 13, 2008 to make way for the expansion]]
Of the $15 million projected cost, only $12.8 million was reserved for actual construction; the remainder will be used for furnishings and other expenses.<ref>"Bids for Saenger work to be opened Jan. 3." ''Pensacola News Journal'', December 19, 2007.</ref> Turner Construction Company was unable to deliver within the renovation budget, so the city initiated a new bidding process. [[Dooley Mack Construction]] of [[Santa Rosa Beach]] submitted the lowest bid of $12.31 million — $300,000 less than the only other bidder, Pensacola-based [[Morette Construction]].<ref>"Walton County firm Saenger low bidder." ''Pensacola News Journal'', January 4, 2008.</ref> According to their contract, the theater must be renovated and reopened within 300 days, and all work must be completed within 13 months.

An official groundbreaking ceremony was held on [[February 8]], [[2008]].<ref name="groundbreaking">"Ground-breaking draws Saenger supporters." ''Pensacola News Journal'', February 9, 2008.</ref>

The theater reopened in early-[[2009]]. Many performing arts groups that used the Saenger as their primary venue found alternative sites for the intervening seasons. For example, the [[Pensacola Symphony Orchestra]] held its 2007/08 "Masterworks" concerts at [[First Baptist Church]].

==Funding==
The Saenger Theatre is one of the [[City of Pensacola]]'s [[City of Pensacola Enterprise Operations|Enterprise Operations]], like the [[Pensacola Regional Airport]] and [[Energy Services of Pensacola]]. It receives approximately $150,000 from the City's annual budget for operating and capital expenses.<ref>[http://www.ci.pensacola.fl.us/upload/PDFs/Finance/2007_Approved_Budget.pdf City of Pensacola, FY 2007 Annual Budget] - page 103</ref>

==Other images==
<gallery>
Image:SaengerColoredEntrance.jpg|The "colored entrance" during [[segregation]]
Image:SaengerTheatre.jpg
Image:SaengerRear.jpg|The Saenger's rear entrance on [[Intendencia Street]], before the [[2007]] renovations
</gallery>

==External links & references==
{{refbegin}}
*[http://www.pensacolasaenger.com/ Official site]
*[http://www.ticketmaster.com/venue/221716 TicketMaster]
*[http://www.saengeramusements.com/theatres/pensacol/saenger/pcsaenger.htm Saenger Amusements history]
{{refend}}
{{reflist}}

[[Category:City of Pensacola Enterprise Operations]] [[Category:Historic theaters]] [[Category:National Register of Historic Places]] [[Category:Palafox Street buildings]] [[Category:Properties owned by the City of Pensacola]]