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New page: {{wikipedia}} [[Image:Jubilee-Mobile-Bay-Alabama-crabs-flounders.jpg|thumb|300px|right| Jubilee photo with crabs, flounder, stingray, and an eel, at Weeks Bay NERR on eastern shore of [[Mo...
{{wikipedia}}
[[Image:Jubilee-Mobile-Bay-Alabama-crabs-flounders.jpg|thumb|300px|right| Jubilee photo with crabs, flounder, stingray, and an eel, at Weeks Bay NERR on eastern shore of [[Mobile Bay]]]]
'''Jubilee''' is the name used locally
<ref name=NOAAjubilee>
"NOAA's National Ocean Service: Estuaries - Dissolved Oxygen" (jubilee),
NOAA, March 24, 2005, OceanService.NOAA.gov webpage:
[http://www.oceanservice.noaa.gov/education/kits/estuaries/media/supp_estuar10d_disolvedox.html NOAA-Jubilee].
</ref>
for a natural phenomenon that occurs from time to time on the shores of [[Mobile Bay]]. During a jubilee, blue crabs, shrimp, flounder, stingrays, and eels swarm toward the shore in such numbers that the shallow water near land seems to boil with life. People living near the shore ring bells and call out to alert their neighbors so that everyone can rush down to the water with washtubs, gigs and nets, and gather a bountiful — and easily reaped — harvest of seafood.<ref name=NOAAjubilee/> As jubilees only happen on warm summer nights, often in the early pre-dawn hours, the event takes on the aspect of a joyous community beach party, with lights shining into the Bay water.
== Cause ==
Although no one knows for certain what causes a jubilee, the prevailing scientific explanation is based on [[Wikipedia:Hypoxia (environmental)|oxygen depletion (hypoxia)]], caused by decay of organic material settling on the bottom of the bay.<ref name=NOAAjubilee/> Hypoxia frequently leads to [[Wikipedia:Dead zone (ecology)|dead zone]] formation and [[fish kill]]s in other parts of the world. This process is accelerated during the summer. Coupled with certain climatic conditions, this mechanism is believed to drive crabs, shrimp, and fish (particularly bottom-dwelling fish) toward the shore, in a desperate search for more oxygen-rich water.<ref name=NOAAjubilee/>
Although jubilees have been reported in other regions, [[Mobile Bay]] is perhaps the only body of water where this phenomenon occurs fairly regularly. Jubilees occur most often along the Bay's upper eastern shore, north from [[Great Point Clear]] to [[Fairhope]] and [[Daphne]]; however, jubilees also occasionally happen south of [[Point Clear]] near ''[[Mullet Point]]'' or on the western shore of Mobile Bay at [[Deer River]] and [[Dog River]].
<ref>
"Jubilee - City of Fairhope" (description of event),
City of Fairhope, Alabama, 2005, webpage:
[http://www.cofairhope.com/jubilee.html COFairhopeCom-Jubilee].
</ref>
== Predictions ==
Jubilees cannot be predicted with certainty. Local folklore offers some clues for telling when a jubilee might be in the offing:
* the water is calm the day before and during the event itself;
* the wind is gentle and blowing from the east;
* the tide is rising; and,
* the sky is cloudy or overcast.
Not all of these conditions must be present before a jubilee can occur, though, nor does the presence of all of them at once guarantee a jubilee. To the residents of Mobile Bay's eastern and western shores, the jubilee remains as a mysterious — and most welcomed — gift from nature and an important part of their food heritage.
== References ==
{{reflist}}
{{refbegin}}
* [http://www.oceanservice.noaa.gov/education/kits/estuaries/media/supp_estuar10d_disolvedox.html "NOAA's National Ocean Service: Estuaries - Dissolved Oxygen"] (jubilee), [[NOAA]], March 24, 2005.
* [http://www.cofairhope.com/jubilee.html "Jubilee - City of Fairhope"] (description of event), City of [[Fairhope, Alabama]], 2005.
* May, E.B. 1973. Extensive oxygen depletion in Mobile Bay, Alabama. Limnology and Oceanography 18:353-366.
{{refend}}
[[Category:Mobile Bay]]
[[Category:Seafood]]
[[Image:Jubilee-Mobile-Bay-Alabama-crabs-flounders.jpg|thumb|300px|right| Jubilee photo with crabs, flounder, stingray, and an eel, at Weeks Bay NERR on eastern shore of [[Mobile Bay]]]]
'''Jubilee''' is the name used locally
<ref name=NOAAjubilee>
"NOAA's National Ocean Service: Estuaries - Dissolved Oxygen" (jubilee),
NOAA, March 24, 2005, OceanService.NOAA.gov webpage:
[http://www.oceanservice.noaa.gov/education/kits/estuaries/media/supp_estuar10d_disolvedox.html NOAA-Jubilee].
</ref>
for a natural phenomenon that occurs from time to time on the shores of [[Mobile Bay]]. During a jubilee, blue crabs, shrimp, flounder, stingrays, and eels swarm toward the shore in such numbers that the shallow water near land seems to boil with life. People living near the shore ring bells and call out to alert their neighbors so that everyone can rush down to the water with washtubs, gigs and nets, and gather a bountiful — and easily reaped — harvest of seafood.<ref name=NOAAjubilee/> As jubilees only happen on warm summer nights, often in the early pre-dawn hours, the event takes on the aspect of a joyous community beach party, with lights shining into the Bay water.
== Cause ==
Although no one knows for certain what causes a jubilee, the prevailing scientific explanation is based on [[Wikipedia:Hypoxia (environmental)|oxygen depletion (hypoxia)]], caused by decay of organic material settling on the bottom of the bay.<ref name=NOAAjubilee/> Hypoxia frequently leads to [[Wikipedia:Dead zone (ecology)|dead zone]] formation and [[fish kill]]s in other parts of the world. This process is accelerated during the summer. Coupled with certain climatic conditions, this mechanism is believed to drive crabs, shrimp, and fish (particularly bottom-dwelling fish) toward the shore, in a desperate search for more oxygen-rich water.<ref name=NOAAjubilee/>
Although jubilees have been reported in other regions, [[Mobile Bay]] is perhaps the only body of water where this phenomenon occurs fairly regularly. Jubilees occur most often along the Bay's upper eastern shore, north from [[Great Point Clear]] to [[Fairhope]] and [[Daphne]]; however, jubilees also occasionally happen south of [[Point Clear]] near ''[[Mullet Point]]'' or on the western shore of Mobile Bay at [[Deer River]] and [[Dog River]].
<ref>
"Jubilee - City of Fairhope" (description of event),
City of Fairhope, Alabama, 2005, webpage:
[http://www.cofairhope.com/jubilee.html COFairhopeCom-Jubilee].
</ref>
== Predictions ==
Jubilees cannot be predicted with certainty. Local folklore offers some clues for telling when a jubilee might be in the offing:
* the water is calm the day before and during the event itself;
* the wind is gentle and blowing from the east;
* the tide is rising; and,
* the sky is cloudy or overcast.
Not all of these conditions must be present before a jubilee can occur, though, nor does the presence of all of them at once guarantee a jubilee. To the residents of Mobile Bay's eastern and western shores, the jubilee remains as a mysterious — and most welcomed — gift from nature and an important part of their food heritage.
== References ==
{{reflist}}
{{refbegin}}
* [http://www.oceanservice.noaa.gov/education/kits/estuaries/media/supp_estuar10d_disolvedox.html "NOAA's National Ocean Service: Estuaries - Dissolved Oxygen"] (jubilee), [[NOAA]], March 24, 2005.
* [http://www.cofairhope.com/jubilee.html "Jubilee - City of Fairhope"] (description of event), City of [[Fairhope, Alabama]], 2005.
* May, E.B. 1973. Extensive oxygen depletion in Mobile Bay, Alabama. Limnology and Oceanography 18:353-366.
{{refend}}
[[Category:Mobile Bay]]
[[Category:Seafood]]